Taking measurements with a digit or earlobe sensor requires a vascular, pulsatile area to detect the change in the sensor’s transmitted light.
The measurement of Sp O 2 is simple and painless and has few of the risks associated with more invasive measurements of oxygen saturation (e.g., ABG sampling). Pulse oximetry is indicated for patients who are hypoxemic or who are at risk for impaired gas exchange. 2 Pulse oximetry devices have a margin of error of 3% to 4%, especially in critically ill patients and newborns. 2 A consistent Sp O 2 of less than 95% should be investigated, and an Sp O 2 of 90% signifies developing hypoxemia. 4 In general, the normal range for Sp O 2 is 95% to 99%. The more hemoglobin saturated by oxygen, the higher the oxygen saturation. The LED emits light wavelengths that are absorbed differently by oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin molecules. A pulse oximeter has a sensor with a light-emitting diode (LED) connected by a cable to an oximeter. Pulse oximetry is the noninvasive measurement of peripheral oxygen saturation (Sp O 2), which is expressed as the percentage of hemoglobin that is filled with oxygen. If a pulse oximeter reading is questionable, obtain arterial blood gas (ABG) values to determine oxygen saturation.
Pulse oximeters overestimate oxygen saturation in patients with acute respiratory failure, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema however, monitoring trends is helpful. Do not attach the sensor to fingers that are hypothermic.ĭo not place the sensor on an extremity with an electronic blood pressure cuff. Consult the manufacturer’s instructions for the designated site placement of the sensor.ĭo not attach the sensor to a finger, an earlobe, or the bridge of the nose if the area is edematous or if skin integrity is compromised.
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